The largest and most ecologically complex biomes are forests, which range from taiga (boreal forests) to tropical rainforests. In the far north, boreal forests of spruce, fir, and pine grow. Because of poor soil and cold climate, the sources of food are limited. Moose, lynx, and owls live in intimate prey-predator relationships with each other. Meanwhile, deciduous forests, containing animals such as bears and wild boars, stretch across Europe and North America. These dense ancient forests have tall trees that block out light, and making the woods seem mysterious. In contrast, a hothouse world inhabited by an unparalleled variety of birds, mammals, and insects lies further south in Africa, Asia, and South America. Tropical rainforests have more life per square inch than any other place on earth.
From the earliest of times, forests have been the focus of religious life for many people. The deep dark canopy of trees extends on forever. Primal forces, within the shadows of those woods, contrast with the nearby sunny meadows and glens. In the forests, life merges into one being of light and dark.
The temperate forests of Europe and North America have a strong hold on people. Fairy tales tell of gnomes, trolls, and other magical peoples that live in the mysterious woods. Many speak of people going into the forests never to return. To avoid going in the woods, people hug the rivers that flow through the impenetrable forests. Impossible to travel, the forests seem to be one murky mass of wild vegetation.
Jungles hold a special place in people’s imaginations. In these places, the law of the jungle, “the survival of the fittest”, is played out. Jungles represent the darkness of humanity. In many stories, civilized people revert to their basest selves after living in the jungle a short while.
Va. Carper
March 16, 2008