The largest and most distinctive of European Moths is Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavonia). This brightly colored Moth is easy to spot as He zigzags over moors and heaths. His large, round eyespots distinguish Him from other Moths. Since they resemble the eyes of a Mammal predator, Emperor Moth’s spots often frighten attackers. For added effect, He often flashes the eyes on his hindwings.
People often see Emperor Moth flitting about looking for a mate. Unfortunately for Him, Female Emperor Moths appear only after dark. However, They lay down scents (pheromones) for Male Emperor Moths to find. While searching, Emperor Moth zigzags in the wind sampling the air for a Female Emperor Moth’s pheromone. With his featherlike antennae, He can sense Her a kilometer away.
After mating, Mother Emperor Moth lays her eggs on a plant stem. Soon, black, hairy Caterpillars will emerge, staying together for mutual protection. When Emperor Moth Caterpillars get bigger, They become bright green with black bands and pink spots. Feeding on heather and blackthorn plants, Emperor Moth Caterpillars grow to the size of a finger. When They become that large, Emperor Moth Caterpillars spin a silk cocoon for their pupa stage. During the next spring, They will emerge as adult Moths.
Emperor Moth teaches courtship. Female Emperor Moth may be smaller and only comes out at night, but She makes sure that Male Emperor Moth can find Her. She leaves her strong perfume wafting in the air. Meanwhile, Male Emperor Moth uses his highly elaborate feather-like antennae to search for Her. After testing the air for her scent, He hones in on Her among the dark foliage.
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Insects through the Seasons
Va. Carper
May 6, 2008